GenSurg.nz

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:15 GMT

Free, interlinked revision notes for the FRACS General Surgery Fellowship (Part 2) exam — organised by the syllabus and by topic, from anatomy and embryology through to operations, trauma and critical care.

Aneurysmal disease

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:14 GMT

Section: Vascular Sub-section: Curriculum, page 100 Overview Aneurysm Definition = 50% dilated compared to adjacent vessel A true aneurysm involves primary dilatation of the artery including all vessel wall layers (intima, media & adventitia) False aneurysm / pseudoaneurysm = Disruption of the a...

Anti-Thrombin III deficiency

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:14 GMT

Overview Antithrombin (AT), also known as AT III or heparin cofactor I, is a natural anticoagulant.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:14 GMT

Characterised by presence of Antiphospholipid Antibody Against plasma proteins bound to anionic phospholipids Lupus Anticoagulant Anticardiolipin Antibodies to B2 Glycoprotein-1 Clinical Arterial & venous thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, thrombocytopenia Venous is more common Arterial manufact...

Aortic Aneurysm

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:14 GMT

Definition: Aneurysmal dilatation of the Abdominal Aorta (2.6cm female, 3cm male) Aorta does increase in size with age & weight Incidence Men 65-80 - 3-5% < 60yo = Negligible M:F ratio 5:1.

Aortic Coarctation

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:14 GMT

Aetiology Congenital May result from an inflammatory large vessel arteritis – e.g.

Aortic dissection

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:14 GMT

Severe sudden onset migratory pain Stanford Classification Type A – Ascending, 60%, Elastic tissue degeneration (Marfans, Ehlers Danlos), younger Rx: Surgical – Aortic replacement MR 50% in first 24 hours, 90% 3/12 Type B – Descending Smooth muscle degeneration in media, older patients Rx – Medical...

Aortoenteric fisula

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:14 GMT

Aortoenteric fistula is a rare but potentially fatal condition defined as an abnormal connection between the aorta (or aortoiliac vessels) and the gastrointestinal tract.

Arteria Lusoria

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:14 GMT

Developmental abnormality Aberrant right subclavian artery from descending aorta Most common Travels behind oesophagus, incomplete ring Often asymptomatic, may cause posterior compression “Dysphagia Lusoria” Associated with non-recurrent laryngeal nerve .

Atherosclerosis

Thu, 01 Oct 2026 03:14:14 GMT

Arteriosclerosis: Systemic disease involving arterial tree Commonly affects coronary, carotids, iliac + femoral Three level pattern in lower limbs: Aorto-iliac Femoropopliteal Tibial segments (DM, ESRF, Older) Atherosclerosis: Arteriosclerosis characterized by fibrous plaques in the intima (atherom...